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（ジュネーブ・パリ発 4月2日）
国際人権連盟」(FIDH)と「SOSトーチャー」の共同プロジェクトである「人権擁護家保護のための監視機構」は、カンボジアにおける下記の状況に関して皆様の緊急の働きかけをお願いします。
＜事件の概要＞
人権擁護家のための監視機構は「カンボジア人権活動委員会(CHRAC)」より、米国に本部がある「開かれた社会のための司法活動(OSJI)」という国際団体が、カンボジア政府より国外追放あるいはスタッフのビザ取消という脅迫を受けたという情報を入手しました。
OSJIはクメール・ルージュ特別法廷(ECCC)の監視に精力的に取り組んでいました。入手した情報によると、OSJIは2月に同法廷において横領事件を訴え、徹底した調査を呼びかけていました。
OSJIをカンボジアから追放することは、2003年に国連とカンボジアの間で締結した、「民主カンプチア政権時に起きた犯罪のカンボジア法による起訴に関する協定」が保障する原則に明らかに違反します。同協定の12条(2)は「公平な審理と手続の信頼性を確保するため、（略）、国内および国際的なNGOの代表はいつでも特別法廷の手続にアクセスすることができると理解される」と規定しています。
また、人権擁護家に対するこのような脅迫は、「人権擁護家保護に関する宣言」、とくにその9条3(b)項「すべての人びとは、個々にまた他の者と共同して、とくに、審理、手続、裁判が国内法や適用できる国際的な責務や約束を遵守しているかどうかについて意見を形成するため、それらに出席する権利を有する」にはなはだしく違反しています。
この団体をその監視活動のせいで追放することは、手続に悪影響を与え、この裁判の信頼性を損ないかねません。監視機構は同国における表現の自由の貧弱さを露呈するものであるこの脅迫を憂慮します。
＜行動要請＞
カンボジア関係当局に以下の内容の要請をお願いします。
1. 追放の嫌がらせを即時止め、OSJIの代表が妨害なくモニター活動を遂行できるようにすること。
2. カンボジア国内のすべての人権擁護家に対するあらゆる形態の嫌がらせ行為を止めること。
3. 1998年12月9日国連総会が採択した人権擁護家に関する宣言の条文、とりわけ、「すべての人は、人権と基本的自由を国内および国際レベルで促進および保護する権利を、個別におよび集団的に所有する」とした第１条、「すべての人は、個人あるいはその他の人々と共に、政府機関や組織および公共業務に関係している機関に、それらの機能を向上させるための批判や提案を出したり、人権および基本的自由の促進、保護および実現を妨げたり遅らせるようなそれらの業務活動に対して注意を惹きつける権利を有する」とした第8条2項、そして「すべての人びとは、個々にまた他の者と共同して、とくに、審理、手続、裁判が国内法や適用できる国際的な責務や約束を遵守しているかどうかについて意見を形成するため、それらに出席する権利を有する」とした9条3(b)にしたがうこと。
4. カンボジア国内におけるクメール・ルージュ特別法廷に関する表現の自由を促進して保障し、さらには、国際人権基準とカンボジアが批准した国際人権文書にしたがって、国内における人権尊重と基本的自由を保障すること。
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＜要請先＞
フンセン首相：Mr. Hun Sen
Prime Minister, Office of the Prime Minister
Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia
Fax: +855 23 36 06 66
Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
副首相：Mr. Sok An, Deputy Prime Minister
Fax: + 855 23 88 06 24
Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
副首相：Mr. Sar Kheng, Deputy Prime Minister and Co-Minister of Interior
Ministry of Interior, 275 Norodom Blvd
Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia
Fax: + 855 23 72 60 52
外務大臣：Mr. Hor Nam Hong
Minister of Foreign Affairs
161 Preah Sisowath Quay, cnr rue 204
Phnom Penh Kingdom of Cambodia
Fax: + 855 23 21 61 44 / + 855 23 21 69 39
国家人権委員会委員長：
Mr. Om Yentieng
President of the Cambodian Human Rights Committee
Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh
Kingdom of Cambodia
Fax: +855 12 81 37 81 / +855 23 21 11 62
国連大使：Ambassador Mr. Vun Chheang
Permanent Mission of Cambodia to the United Nations in Geneva
Chemin de Taverney 3, Case postale 213
1218 Grand-Saconnex, Switzerland
Fax: + 41 22 788 77 74
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例文を添付いたします。手紙を出されるときにご活用ください。
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Mr. Hun Sen
Prime Minister, Office of the Prime Minister
Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia
Dear Prime Minister Hun Sen,
I am writing you to express my concern over the threats of expelling that OSJI has been receiving in relation to their monitoring work in Cambodia. I would like to urge you the followings.
1. To put an immediate end to these threats of expelling and allow the OSJI’s representatives to carry out their monitoring work without hindrance;
2. To put an end to all acts of harassment against all human rights defenders in Cambodia;
3. To conform with the provisions of the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 9, 1998, in particular its article 1 which provides that “every person has the right, individually or collectively, to promote the protection and fulfilment of human rights and fundamental liberties at the national and international levels”, as well as its article 8.2, which states that everyone has the right, “individually and in association with others, to submit to governmental bodies and agencies and organisations concerned with public affairs criticism and proposals for improving their functioning and to draw attention to any aspect of their work that may hinder or impede the promotion, protection and realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms”, and its above mentioned article 9.3 (b);
4. To promote
and ensure freedom of expression in Cambodia with respect to the ECCC and more generally ensure in all circumstances respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with international human rights standards and international instruments ratified by Cambodia.
I thank you for your kind attention to my request.
Yours truly,
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＜以下、原文＞
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URGENT APPEAL - THE OBSERVATORY
KHM 001 / 0407 / OBS 029
April 2, 2007
Cambodia
Obstacles to freedom of expression / Harassment
The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, a joint programme of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), expresses its deepest concern regarding the following situation in Cambodia.
Brief description of the situation:
The Observatory has been informed by the Cambodian Human Rights Action Committee (CHRAC) of the threat made by the Royal Government of Cambodia to expel the Open Society Justice Initiative (OSJI), a US-based international organisation, from the country or to revoke staff visas.
The OSJI is actively engaged in the monitoring of the Khmers Rouge’s trials by the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC). According to the information received, they publicised last February allegations of financial embezzlement at the Khmers Rouge tribunal and called for a thorough investigation into these allegations.
The expulsion of the OSJI from Cambodia would clearly contravene the principles guaranteed by the 2003 Agreement between the United Nations and the Royal Government of Cambodia concerning the prosecution under Cambodian law of crimes committed during the period of democratic Kampuchea, especially its Article 12 (2), which states that “in the interest of securing a fair and public haring and credibility of the procedure, it is understood that representatives of [...] national and international non-governmental organizations will at all times have access to the proceedings before the Extraordinary Chambers”.
Such threats against human rights defenders are also in flagrant violation of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, which states in its article 9.3 (b) that “everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, inter alia [...] to attend public hearings, proceedings and trials so as to form an opinion on their compliance with national law and applicable international obligations and commitments”.
The ouster of this organisation, in response to its monitoring activities, could be detrimental to the procedure and could lead to the lack of credibility of the Court. The Observatory is deeply concerned about these threats which also reveal the poor state of freedom of expression in this country.
Action requested:
Please write to the Cambodian authorities and ask them to:
i. Put an immediate end to these threats of expelling and allow the OSJI’s representatives to carry out their monitoring work without hindrance;
ii. Put an end to all acts of harassment against all human rights defenders in Cambodia;
iii. Conform with the provisions of the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 9, 1998, in particular its article 1 which provides that “every person has the right, individually or collectively, to promote the protection and fulfilment of human rights and fundamental liberties at the national and international levels”, as well as its article 8.2, which states that everyone has the right, “individually and in association with others, to submit to governmental bodies and agencies and organisations concerned with public affairs criticism and proposals for improving their functioning and to draw attention to any aspect of their work that may hinder or impede the promotion, protection and realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms”, and its above mentioned article 9.3 (b);
iv. Promote and ensure freedom of expression in Cambodia with respect to the ECCC and more generally ensure in all circumstances respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with international human rights standards and international instruments ratified by Cambodia.
Addresses:
Mr. Hun Sen, Prime Minister, Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: +855 23 36 06 66 / 855 23 88 06 24 (c/o Council of Ministers), Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
Mr. Sok An, Deputy Prime Minister, Fax: + 855 23 88 06 24, Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
Mr. Sar Kheng, Deputy Prime Minister and Co-Minister of Interior, Ministry of Interior, 275 Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: + 855 23 72 60 52
Mr. Hor Nam Hong, Minister of Foreign Affairs, 161 Preah Sisowath Quay, cnr rue 204, Phnom Penh Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: + 855 23 21 61 44 / + 855 23 21 69 39
Mr. Om Yentieng, President of the Cambodian Human Rights Committee, Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: +855 12 81 37 81 / +855 23 21 11 62 or +855 23 88 10 45 (c/o Council of Ministers)
Ambassador Mr. Vun Chheang, Permanent Mission of Cambodia to the United Nations in Geneva, Chemin de Taverney 3, Case postale 213, 1218 Grand-Saconnex, Switzerland, Fax: + 41 22 788 77 74
Please also write to the diplomatic representations of Cambodia in your respective countries.
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Geneva-Paris, April 2, 2007
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